November 4

November 4 is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 57 days remaining.

Events

• 1576 - Eighty Years' War: In Belgium, Spain captures Antwerp (after three days the city was nearly destroyed).
• 1612 - Moscow China Town taken by Russian troops under command of Dmitry Pozharsky
• 1677 - The future Mary II of England marries William, Prince of Orange. They would later be known as William and Mary.
• 1852 - Count Camillo Benso di Cavour became the prime minister of Piedmont-Sardinia, which soon expanded to become Italy.
• 1861 - The University of Washington opens in Seattle, Washington as the Territorial University
• 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Johnsonville - Confederate troops bombard a Union supply base and destroy millions of dollars in material.
• 1869 - The first issue of the scientific journal Nature is published.
• 1884 - U.S. presidential election, 1884: Democrat Grover Cleveland defeats Republican James G. Blaine in a very close contest to win the first of his two non-consecutive terms.
• 1889 - Menelek of Shoa obtains the allegiance of a large majority of the Ethiopian nobility, paving the way for him to be crowned emperor.
• 1890 - City & South London Railway: London's first deep-level tube railway opens between King William Street and Stockwell.
• 1899 - Sigmund Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams is published.
• 1918 - World War I: Austria-Hungary surrenders to Italy.
• 1918 - The German Revolution begins when 40,000 sailors take over the port in Kiel.
• 1921 - The Sturmabteilung or SA is formally formed by Adolf Hitler
• 1922 - In Egypt, British archaeologist Howard Carter and his men find the entrance to King Tutankhamen's tomb in the Valley of the Kings.
• 1924 - Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming elected as the first woman governor in the United States.
• 1928 - Arnold Rothstein, New York City's most notorious gambler, is shot dead over a poker game.
• 1939 - World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders the United States Customs Service to implement the Neutrality Act of 1939, allowing cash-and-carry purchases of weapons by belligerents.
• 1942 - World War II: Second Battle of El Alamein - Disobeying a direct order by Adolf Hitler, General Field Marshal Erwin Rommel leads his forces on a five-month retreat.
• 1948 - T.S. Eliot wins the Nobel Prize in Literature.
• 1952 - U.S. presidential election, 1952: Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower defeats Democrat Adlai Stevenson.
• 1956 - Soviet troops invade Hungary to crush the Hungarian revolution that started on October 23. Thousands are killed, more are wounded, and nearly a quarter million leave the country.
• 1957 - The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 2 with a dog named Laika on board, becoming the first country to launch a living creature into orbit. The capsule was not designed to be retrievable and she dies a few hours later from stress and overheating.
• 1960 - Filming wraps on The Misfits, starring Marilyn Monroe and Clark Gable -- the last film for both.
• 1966 - Two-thirds of Florence, Italy is submerged as the Arno and Po rivers flood; 113 people die, 30,000 are rendered homeless, and countless Renaissance artworks and books are destroyed.
• 1970 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - The United States turns control of the air base in the Mekong Delta over to South Vietnam.
• 1979 - Iran hostage crisis begins: Iranian radicals, mostly students, invade the United States embassy in Tehran and take 90 hostages (63 of whom are American).
• 1980 - U.S. presidential election, 1980: Republican challenger Ronald Reagan defeats incumbent Democrat Jimmy Carter by a wide margin.
• 1993 - Jean Chrétien takes office as Prime Minister of Canada.
• 1993 - Bolivia becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
• 1993 - A series of fires destroy 1000 homes in southern California, causing between 500 million and 1 billion USD of damage. Half of the fires turn out to be arson.
• 1993 - A China Airlines Boeing 747 overran Runway 13 at Hong Kong's Kai Tak International Airport while landing during a typhoon. The wind was gusting to gale force at the time. It touched down more than 2/3 down the runway and was unable to stop before the runway ran out and the plane crashed into the sea. 22 people were injured.
• 1995 - After attending a peace rally in Tel Aviv's Kings Square, Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin is mortally wounded by an extreme right-wing Israeli assassin. He dies of his wounds later that night in a Tel Aviv Hospital.
• 2001 - Hurricane Michelle hits Cuba, destroying crops and thousands of homes.
• 2001 - The Police Service of Northern Ireland is established.
• 2003 - The largest-ever solar flare is recorded.

Births

• 1470 - King Edward V of England, one of the two Princes in the Tower
• 1575 - Guido Reni, Italian painter (d. 1642)
• 1631 - Mary of Orange, eldest daughter of Charles I of England and mother of William III of England (d. 1660)
• 1661 - Karl III Philip, Elector Palatine (d. 1742)
• 1765 - Pierre Girard, French mathematician (d. 1836)
• 1836 - Henry J. Lutcher, Business leader (d. 1912)
• 1874 - Aleksandr Vasilevich Kolchak, Russian military commander (d. 1920)
• 1879 - Will Rogers, American humorist and entertainer (d. 1935)
• 1883 - Nikolaos Plastiras, Greek general and politician (d. 1953)
• 1901 - Princess Bang-ja of Korea (d. 1989)
• 1909 - Skeeter Webb, baseball player (d. 1986)
• 1912 - Vadim Salmanov, Russian composer (d. 1978)
• 1914 - Martin Balsam, American actor (d. 1996)
• 1916 - Walter Cronkite, American news broadcaster
• 1918 - Art Carney, American actor (d. 2003)
• 1923 - Freddy Heineken, Dutch businessman (d. 2002)
• 1929 - Doris Roberts, American actress
• 1930 - Dick Groat, baseball player
• 1932 - Thomas Klestil, President of Austria (d. 2004)
• 1932 - Noam Pitlik, American actor and director (d. 1999)
• 1937 - Loretta Swit, American actress
• 1944 - Scherrie Payne, American singer (The Supremes)
• 1946 - Robert Mapplethorpe, American photographer (d. 1989)
• 1946 - Laura Bush, First Lady of the United States
• 1951 - Traian Băsescu, President of Romania
• 1953 - Carlos Gutierrez, American politician
• 1955 - Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of Finland
• 1961 - Kathy Griffin, American comedienne and actress
• 1961 - Ralph Macchio, American actor
• 1965 - Wayne Static, American singer/guitarist (Static-X)
• 1969 - Matthew McConaughey, American actor
• 1970 - Sean Jean "Puff Daddy" Combs, American rapper
• 1972 - Luis Figo, Portuguese footballer
• 1975 - Eduard Kokcharov, Russian handball player
• 1981 - &, founding member of Lunastation [1]
• 1986 - Alexz Johnson, Canadian singer

Deaths

• 1584 - Saint Charles Borromeo, Italian cardinal (b. 1539)
• 1652 - Jean-Charles de la Faille, Belgian mathematician (b. 1597)
• 1669 - Johannes Cocceius, Dutch theologian (b. 1603)
• 1698 - Rasmus Bartholin, Danish physician and mathematician (b. 1625)
• 1702 - John Benbow, English admiral (b. 1653)
• 1704 - Andreas Acoluthus, German orientalist (b. 1654)
• 1847 - Felix Mendelssohn, German composer (b. 1809)
• 1870 - Comte de Lautreamont, French writer (b. 1846)
• 1918 - Wilfred Owen, English poet (b. 1893)
• 1924 - Gabriel Fauré, French composer (b. 1845)
• 1928 - Arnold Rothstein, American gambler (b. 1882)
• 1930 - Buddy Bolden, American musician (b. 1877)
• 1955 - Cy Young, baseball player (b. 1867)
• 1956 - Art Tatum, American musician (b. 1909)
• 1968 - Michel Kikoine, Belarusian painter (b. 1892)
• 1980 - Elsie MacGill, Canadian aeronautical engineer (b. 1905)
• 1982 - Dominique Dunne, American actress (b. 1959)
• 1986 - Kurt Hirsch, German mathematician (b. 1906)
• 1995 - Yitzhak Rabin, Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1922)
• 1999 - Malcolm Marshall, West Indian cricketer (b. 1958)
• 2003 - Richard Wollheim, British philosopher (b. 1923)

Holidays

• Italy - celebration of victory in WWI, the day of the Armed Forces
• Bahá'í Faith - Feast of Qudrat (Power) - First day of the 13th month of the Bahá'í Calendar

External links

• BBC: On This Day

November 3 - November 5 - October 4 - December 4 - more historical anniversaries