November 3

November 3 is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 58 days remaining.

Events

• 1755 - The colony of Massachusetts offers a bounty of 20 British pounds for the scalps of Native American boys and girls under the age of 12.
• 1783 - The Continental Army is disbanded.
• 1793 - French playwright, journalist and feminist Olympe de Gouges was guillotined.
• 1838 - The Times of India, the world's largest circulated English language daily broadsheet newspaper is founded as The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce.
• 1844 - Debut of Giuseppe Verdi's I due Foscari, at Teatro Argentina, Rome.
• 1848 - A greatly revised constitution, drafted by Johan Rudolf Thorbecke, severely limiting the powers of the Dutch monarchy, and strengthening the powers of the parliament and the ministers, is proclaimed. This constitution is still in effect today.
• 1868 - U.S. presidential election: Republican Ulysses S. Grant is elected to the first of his two terms in a victory over Democrat Horatio Seymour.
• 1883 - American Old West: Self-described "Black Bart the Po-8" gets away with his last stagecoach robbery, but leaves an incriminating clue that eventually leads to his capture.
• 1896 - U.S. presidential election: Republican William McKinley is elected over Democrat William Jennings Bryan.
• 1903 - With the encouragement of the United States, Panama proclaims itself independent from Colombia. US President Theodore Roosevelt wanted the United States to build the Panama Canal but were blocked by Colombia.
• 1908 - U.S. presidential election: Republican William Howard Taft defeats William Jennings Bryan, Democratic candidate in his third and final nomination.
• 1911 - Chevrolet officially enters the automobile market in competition with the Ford Model T.
• 1913 - The USA introduces an income tax.
• 1918 - World War I: Austria-Hungary enters an armistice with the Allies.
• 1918 - Poland declares its independence from Russia.
• 1923 - Lady Louise Mountbatten marries Gustav, Crown Prince of Sweden
• 1935 - George II of Greece regains his throne.
• 1936 - U.S. presidential election, 1936: Franklin D. Roosevelt is reelected to a second term in a landslide victory over Alf Landon.
• 1942 - World War II: Second Battle of El Alamein ends - German forces under Erwin Rommel are forced to retreat during the night.
• 1954 - The first in the Godzilla series of films is released in Japan.
• 1955 - The musical film Guys and Dolls, starring Marlon Brando and Frank Sinatra, debuts.
• 1956 - The Wizard of Oz is shown on television for the first time, with a viewing audience estimated at 45 million people.
• 1957 - Sputnik program: The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 2. On board is the first animal to enter space - a dog named Laika.
• 1964 - U.S. presidential election, 1964: Incumbent US President Lyndon B. Johnson defeats Republican challenger Barry Goldwater, Sr with over 60 percent of the popular vote.
• 1967 - Vietnam War: Battle of Dak To begins - Around Dak To (located about 280 miles (450 km) north of Saigon near the Cambodian border), heavy casualties are suffered on both sides, with the Americans narrowly winning the battle on November 22.
• 1969 - Vietnam War: US President Richard M. Nixon addresses the nation on television and radio, asking the "silent majority" to join him in solidarity on the Vietnam War effort and to support his policies.
• 1970 - Salvador Allende is inaugurated as president of Chile.
• 1971 - The UNIX Programmer's Manual is published.
• 1973 - Mariner program: NASA launches the Mariner 10 toward Mercury, on March 29, 1974 becoming the first space probe to reach that planet.
• 1975 - An independent audit of Mattel, one of the United States's largest toy manufacturers, reveals that company officials fabricated press releases and financial information to "maintain the appearance of continued corporate growth."
• 1975 - The television breakfast show Good Morning America premieres with co-anchors David Hartman and Nancy Dussaulton.
• 1978 - Dominica gains its independence from the United Kingdom.
• 1978 The sitcom Diff'rent Strokes premieres on NBC.
• 1979 - In Greensboro, North Carolina, five members of the Communist Workers Party are shot dead and seven are wounded by a group of Klansmen and neo-Nazis during a "Death to the Klan" rally.
• 1983 - A gasoline tanker explodes in the Salang Tunnel in Afghanistan, killing 2,000+ people.
• 1986 - Iran-Contra Affair: The Lebanese magazine Ash-Shiraa reports that the United States has been selling weapons to Iran in secret in order to secure the release of seven American hostages held by pro-Iranian groups in Lebanon.
• 1988 - Sri Lankan Tamil mercenaries try to overthrow the Maldivian government. At President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom's request, the Indian military suppresses the coup attempt within 24 hours.
• 1991 - Fifteen people are killed in the Barrios Altos massacre in Peru.
• 1992 - U.S. presidential election: Democratic challenger Bill Clinton defeats incumbent Republican George H.W. Bush and independent candidate Ross Perot.
• 1994 - Red Hat Linux 1.0 is released.
• 1995 - At Arlington National Cemetery, U.S. President Bill Clinton dedicates a memorial to the victims of the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing.
• 1998 - Former professional wrestler Jesse Ventura is elected Governor of Minnesota.
• 2003 - Centennial of the founding of Panama.
• 2004 - John Kerry calls George W. Bush to concede defeat in the 2004 U.S. presidential election

Births

• 39 - Lucan, Roman poet
• 1500 - Benvenuto Cellini, Italian artist (d. 1571)
• 1618 - Aurangzeb, Mughal emperor (d. 1707)
• 1633 - Bernardino Ramazzini, Italian physician (d. 1714)
• 1718 - John Montague, Earl of Sandwich (d. 1792)
• 1793 - Stephen F. Austin, American pioneer (d. 1836)
• 1794 - William Cullen Bryant, American poet and journalist (d. 1878)
• 1801 - Karl Baedeker, German author and publisher (d. 1859)
• 1801 - Vincenzo Bellini, Italian composer (d. 1835)
• 1816 - Jubal Early, American Confederate general (d. 1894)
• 1816 - Calvin Fairbank, American abolitionist minister (d. 1898)
• 1874 - Lucy Maud Montgomery, Canadian novelist (d. 1942)
• 1876 - Stephen Peter Alencastre, Roman Catholic prelate
• 1895 - Grand Duchess Olga Nicolaievna Romanova (d. 1918)
• 1901 - Andre Malraux, French writer (d. 1976)
• 1901 - King Leopold III of Belgium (d. 1983)
• 1903 - Walker Evans, American photographer (d. 1975)
• 1908 - Bronko Nagurski, American football player (d. 1990)
• 1909 - James Reston, American journalist (d. 1995)
• 1910 - Richard Hurndall, British actor (d. 1984)
• 1918 - Bob Feller, baseball player
• 1919 - Jesús Blasco, Spanish comic book author (d. 1995)
• 1920 - Oodgeroo Noonuccal, Australian writer (d. 1993)
• 1921 - Charles Bronson, American actor (d. 2003)
• 1930 - Brian Robinson, British cyclist
• 1933 - Michael Dukakis, American politician
• 1933 - Jeremy Brett, English actor (d. 1995)
• 1934 - John Barry, English composer
• 1938 - Martin Dunwoody, British mathematician
• 1946 - Tom Savini, actor, film maker, and makeup artist
• 1948 - Lulu (singer), British actress and singer
• 1949 - Larry Holmes, American boxer
• 1952 - Roseanne Barr, American actress and comedienne
• 1953 - Kate Capshaw, American actress
• 1953 - Dennis Miller, American comedian
• 1954 - Adam Ant, English singer
• 1955 - Phil Simms, American football player
• 1956 - Kevin Murphy, American actor, author, and puppeteer
• 1960 - Karch Kiraly, American volleyball player
• 1962 - Marilyn, British musician
• 1963 - Ian Wright, English footballer
• 1974 - Tariq Abdul-Wahad, French basketball player
• 1977 - Aria Giovanni, model
• 1982 - Evgeni Plushenko, Russian figure skater
• 1986 - Jasmine Trias, American singer
• 1992 - Kye Miller, 12 year-old kid

Deaths

• 361 - Constantius II, Roman Emperor (b. 317)
• 1580 - Jeronimo Zurita y Castro, Spanish historian (b. 1512)
• 1787 - Robert Lowth, British bishop and grammarian (b. 1710)
• 1890 - Ulrich Ochsenbein, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1811)
• 1891 - Louis Lucien Bonaparte, French politician and linguist (b. 1813)
• 1918 - Aleksandr Mikhailovich Lyapunov, Russian scientist (b. 1857)
• 1929 - Olav Aukrust, Norwegian poet (b. 1883)
• 1954 - Henri Matisse, French artist (b. 1869)
• 1957 - Wilhelm Reich, Austrian psychotherapist (b. 1897)
• 1964 - John Henry Barbee, blues guitarist-singer (b. 1905)
• 1990 - Mary Martin, American actress
• 1993 - Leon Theremin, Russian inventor
• 1995 - Gordon S. Fahrni, physician and president of the Canadian Medical Association
• 1996 - Jean-Bédel Bokassa, president of the Central African Republic
• 1999 - Ian Bannen, actor
• 2002 - Lonnie Donegan, musician
• 2002 - Jonathan Harris, Character Actor famous for Dr Smith in Lost in Space (b. 1914)
• 2003 - Rasul Gamzatov, Russian poet
• 2004 - Sergei Zholtok, Latvian hockey player

Holidays

• Independence Day in Panama (1903), Dominica (1978) and Federated States of Micronesia (1986)
• Japan - Culture Day (post 1946), Emperors Birthday (pre 1946)

External links

• BBC: On This Day

November 2 - November 4 - October 3 - December 3 - more historical anniversaries